Temperature-Guided Turning: An Engineering Decision-Making Method for the Timing, Depth, and Frequency of Turning in Aerobic Composting
Core Functions of Turning: In aerobic composting, turning is not simply moving materials; it performs four key functions: Oxygen Supply—bringing air into the compost pile to maintain the activity of aerobic microorganisms; Temperature Regulation—breaking up high-temperature areas and preventing local temperatures exceeding 70°C from killing the microorganisms; Moisture Removal—evaporating excess moisture through turning to maintain suitable humidity; Homogenization—turning the outer, dry, and cool material into the interior, and the inner, moist, and hot material to the surface, achieving uniform overall composting. Therefore, the quality of the turning operation directly determines the fermentation cycle and the quality of the finished product.
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